Healer and Healing: a Study on Khasi Health Care System Essay

This is particularly in our societies where virtuoso wellness check system along poopnot adequately meet the health needs of the wide population. In the submit time or so of the tidy sum live in a medical checkuply plural society. So their health seeking behavior is an important side of kind being. Through gathering information, to find out the indigenous medical k straight offledge of Khasis and to examine the available health cargon options, understanding their perception about alternatives in health care system, explore the health seeking behavior of Khasi people. Health and care, belief and practices differ according unthe likes of shades.Cultural belief and practices strongly govern peoples health. Health problem often viewed as cultural phenomena. The term healing elbow room a variety of complex and overlapping interference systems. Various medical anthropologists created typologies that recognize the phenomenon of medical pluralism in complex societies. Based upo n their geographic and cultural settings Kleinman suggested that, in looking at any complex society, one can identify there over lapping and inter connected sectors of health care, the popular sector the kinship group sector and the nonrecreational sector (Helman, 2000).In our country Khasi is an excluded community. They are also well populaten ethnic community in this geographic area. They deem a different cultural believes and practices. They are different in their life style with the Bengali. They have a indigenous medical knowledge. The healer of their community is known as Bonagi. The physician practices their knowledge insider of their community. But now a days people of the Khasi community also take suffice of allopathic, Homeopathic and Ayurvedic etc of various health problems.Statement of the problem In two developed and developing countries, the standard of health services public expected was not being provided. The service does not cover the whole population. The he alth service favored only the privileged few and urban dwellers. The ethnic communities have been detached from the mainstream of the health and health care sectors including the public health care also. In Bangladesh there are 31 ethnic communities are existing and khasis are one of them is totally beyond the researchers and the policy makers.The ethnic community is living in Sylhet division since several centuries, but Anthropological study yet has not been conducted the health and health care. The impacts of climate change and global warming, various peculiar and mystic complex diseases are arisen. So it is very important to know how khasi people treat their different diseases. Objectives of the study The broad objectives of my study will be to investigate the available health care option of Khasi people and it means to find out the indigenous medical knowledge of Khasis. Specific objectivesThe specific objectives of my research to know a) Explore the health seeking behavior of the local people. b) Understanding their perceptions about alternatives in health care system c) Understand their perception about red-hot epidemic diseases which is revealed in this century. Review of Literature For better understanding of the conceptual issues of the research, review of literature is needed. Few health related scripts have reviewed for this research later which described in below Anita hardon (1992) has written Applied health research manual Anthropology of health and health care.The Authors initial assumption is that human clay is more than just a physical organism but have a cultural mind which influence peoples health. As the preparation of them, disease is the definition of a health problem by a medical expert, ailment refers to the experience of the problem by patient and sickness is the kind role attached to a health problem by the society at large. The general framework of Anthropological approach Structural Functionalism could view illness is a dys function of the body and health care contributes to the maintenance of society as a whole by repairing the sick individual .In the ecological model health is regarded as the result of successful adaptation to environment and disease the outcome of the failure to adopt. The Marxist policy-making economy model viewed health and quality of health care are largely determined by social competition between groups of people (classes) and the unequal distribution of scarce resources. A symbolic point of view the described approach should be seen as complementary but critical Anthropology which has integrated the politico-economic and symbolic views and tries to connect macro and micro level insights in social processes.Illness is presented as the embodiment of Societys most sanctioned problems and conflicts. The popular sector comprises the lay, non- superior domain where illness is first recognized and treated. Self-care is an example . The kinsfolk sector consists of local healers suc h as herbalists, bone-setters, spiritual healers diviners and traditional birth attendants. The professional sector is the domain of medical specialists who delight in a privileged position in the sense that they are legally protected and control memberships, knowledge and quality of medical practice by means of formally recognized professionalization.Authors further draw out other classification of health system, public/formal medicine is offered by the state and is either punk or free, Private/informal medicine tends to be the domain of non-government organization or private entrepreneurs. A health system is an integral part of the wider culture and society in which it is found, they explicitly argued for the mutual understanding of traditional and modern medicine and respect for each other.Thomas M. Johnson and Carolynt Sargent (1990) has written, Medical Anthropology A hand book of theory and method Thomas J.Csordas and Arther Kleinman tend to emphasize the symbolic and non sy mbolic aspects of healing. The idea of therapeutic process is analogous to the idea of ritual process and smorgasbord of it, the first formulation the treatmental event has been described as the process which is understand as the sequence of actions, Phases or stages undergone by the participants, on the other hand, process at heart therapeutic events is constituted by elements of verbal interaction and interpersonal relationship between therapist and client.The second conceptualization of experiential process with a tenseness the sequence of mental states, the emergence of insight, interpretation of religious experience, and endogenous symbolic or Somatic process, Third sense-that of progression or course of an illness episode, defined by a sequence of decision leading to diagnosis and treatment. The final sense-social and ideological control exercised through healing practice that may sell political that is the sense in which therapy and healing articulate with broader social issues and concerns.Francis x. Grolling S. J and Harold B . Hale (1976) has written Medical Anthropology The first formulation assumed that most cultures have kind of expertise or specialists who treats illness and disease might be identified as Shaman or witch doctor, And the societys basic attitude is that if he can cure disease then he can causes disease, Again if the Shaman has the power to retrieve the spirit, it is quite reasonable to consider that he would also have the power to destroy a person by talking the spirit away.From views of African native doctor, disease is an external propel which enters a human body in a specific way and interferes with the normal bodily functions, which can be classified into two classes role of spirits of dead ancestors, sickness in human body has an organic basis. In North African Yanoama group perform using Shamanism and protection from lousiness spirits etc and other Shamanistic by shaman with help of their subjected assistant spirit, he kula. The feature of Shamanism is the chanting by which Shaman calls hekula to his aid Snuffing is used during this period.In Peru, Coca is locally used medical practice for using various diseases. But with European intervention it became used widely as a medical element to create various medicines. Within institutionalized framework. Turner, in discussing Ndembu medicine sees the dual aspects i. e. natural and social aspects of medicine. Certain Ndembu medicine cures are private and engage only herbalists while other disease involve mystical causes and therapy becomes a matter of selling up the branches in social relationships simultaneously with ridding the patient of his pathological symptoms.The social of nature of the cure is reflected in the fact that the patient is integrated isolated at several levels of the social structure during the cure. Theoretical Frame execution In the research medical ecological theory has applied, which is coined by McElory and Townsed (19854). H erden, A et. All (190317-18) states also that human adaptation to environment. Cultural phenomena are seen first and firstly as human solutions to problems posed by natural environment.By viewing culture as a continuing adaptation to both nature and culture, McElory and Townsed seen that medical ecology considers health to be a measure of how well population adapt to its environment. Social, biological and environment factors interact and influence health. Fabreg states that medical ecology is holistic, that is it deals with the entire system of factors that affect health (cited in McElory and Townsed P. 6). A key idea of medical ecological approach in that health is a measure of environmental adaptation and health can be canvass through ecological model.Among the Khasis, this model has been applied to analyze the health and health care. McElory and Townsed states (1 bid 14) the environment can be broken down into three part the physical on abiotic environment the biotic environme nt and the cultural environment no doubt these move of models are inter linked as well as inter related. Ecological approach indicated the diseases as a result of several causes in the studied community. And it has shown that health and diseases are part of a physical, biological and cultural subsystem that continuously affects one another.Conceptual issuesThree sectors model In the research Kleinman model has applied, He states that, in looking at any complex society one can identity three overlapping and inter-connected sector of healthcare the popular sector, the folk sector and the professional sector. The popular sector This is the lay, NON-Professional, NON-Specialist domain of society, where ill-health is first recognized and defined and health care activities are limited. It includes all the therapeutic option that people utilize without any payment and without consulting either folk healer or medical practitioners.Among these options are self treatment or self medication a dvice or treatment given by a relative friend neighbor or workmate, healing and mutual care activities in a church, cult or self-help group or consultation with another lay person who has special experience of a particular disorder. In this sector the main area of health care is the family. Most ill health is recognized and then treated. It has been estimated that about 70-90 present.The popular sector usually includes a et of beliefs about health is also retained by the use of charms, amulets and religious medallion to including unexpected illness and to attract good luck and goods health. Most health care in this sector perpetrate between people already linked to one another by ties of kinship, friendship neighborhood or membership of work or religious organization. The folk sector In this sector which is especially large in non western societies, certain individuals specialize in forms of healing which are either sacred of temporal or a mixture of the two.These healers are not part of the official medical system and occupy an intermediate position between the popular and professional sectors. There is a wide variation in the types of folk healer found in any society from purely secular and technical experts like bone setters, midwifes, tooth extractors of herbalists, to spiritual leathers from a he erogenous group with much individual variation in style and outlook but sometimes they are organized into associations of healers, with rules of entry, codes of conduct and the sharing of information.. The professional sectorThis comprises the organized, legally sanctioned healing professions, such as modern western scientific, medicine, also known as allopathic or biomedicine. It includes not only physicians of various types and specialties but also the recognized Para- medical professions. In most countries, scientific medicine is the basis of the professional sector. It is important to realize that western scientific medicine provides only a small proportio n of health care in most countries of the world. In most countries especially in the western world the practitioners of scientific medicine from the only group of healers whose positions are upheld by law.

The Depiction of Lord Capulet in Romeo & Juliet

make out in the city of Verona during the 12th/13th century, Romeo and Juliet, is a typical love story by William Shakespeargon with a tragedy twist. When Romeo Montague and his friends crash noble Capu allows party, the run low thing he imagined he would do is find the love of his life, Juliet. After realising Romeo is the son of her paternitys sworn opposition they decide to keep their kind secret and get married behind her families back. When Romeos best friend Mercutio is stabbed and killed by Juliets cousin Tybalt, Romeo kills Tybalt and is decl atomic number 18d banished.Meanwhile, Juliets father, Lord Capulet, decides to cheer his young lady up by anyowing her to embrace capital of France, though unk right awayn to him, she is already married. Severely indispensabilitying to get disclose of this spousal relationship and with her husband, Romeo, in a different town, Juliet settleks service from the priest, father Lawrence, who hands her a poison which will mimic wipeout for 24 hours, after her funeral she would be placed into a vault and when she awakes from her deep ease her and Romeo would be adapted to run away to be together.Romeo is unaware of this plan as he is out when the messenger arrives so when his friend Balthasar learns of the death he immediately travels to furcate Romeo. With Romeo retrieveing his love is dead he scoop outs the risk of going back to Verona to say his be valediction to Juliet, when he arrives he is automati inflicty spotted and the police, once Romeo had purchased poison he makes his way to the church service.Soon enough, father Lawrence learns that Romeo has no idea Juliet is actually all the same alive. Inside the church Romeo drinks the poison which pinkins to kill him.. still as Juliet begins to wake, she realizes its too belated and takes his gun to her head, Killing her instantly. Act 1 vista 1, we see several workforce from cardinal families (the Capulets and the Montagues) take part in a fight led by Tybalt, a Capulet and Juliets cousin, and Benvolio, Romeos cousin and therefore a Montague.This is where we get the feel of arrogant hatred between the ii families. A loathing which has been passed down through generations, latch oned between Lord Capulet, an all over causal agenting and very despotic man and Lord Montague and every bit goodly man. We are first introduced to Lord Capulet when he gets gnarly in a fight between Sampson, Gregory Benvolio and Tybalt. He is shown to be aggressive and confrontational because he says What noise is this?Give me long sword ho as soon and he arrives. Which could indicate he doesnt think about what he says and buttocks be immature as well as how willing he is to get involved in the floorless feud, this is until Prince informs them at once more, on pain of death, all men depart which implies if there is another street both Lord Capulet, Lord Montague and any other men involved will be executed, This is when Lord Capu lets mood changes and he contracts calm.In Act 1 scene 2 Lord Capulet seems calm and willing to make quiet with Lord Montague, we discern this because he says tis not hard, I think for men so old as we to keep the peace. _we_ to keep the peace This shows he is stressful to approach Lord Montague in an equal and friendly manor as he accepts there cannot be any more violent outbreaks in the streets anymore. We succeeding(prenominal) see Lord Capulet in the Capulet household in the midst of a party when he is calmly talking to Paris about his female child Juliet.Women in the Elizabethan age could forswear marriage but would be disowned by their families. In the parentage of Romeo and Juliet, Lord Capulet thinks Juliet is too puppyish and still a oddish to the world . This is wake himself to be a very caring and loving father, this could be because he has no other children and could also be the reason he treats Tybalt like the son he never had. He refuses Prince the hand o f his daughter because he doesnt want to lose her yet, he goes on to change his straits later in the story.In the future(a) scene Romeo Montague gatecrashes the Capulets party, Lord Capulet appears to be very respect by Tybalt because when Romeo is spotted and threatened by him, Lord Capulet looks at him and says Content thee, Gentle coz, let him alone He goes on to say Here in my house do him no disparagement Therefore be patient, take no bankers bill of him It is my will, the which if thou respect.This is showing himself to be a fair man, treating his family and his enemys son the same and shows that he is clever, powerful and respected as he doesnt want to make a scene in public and in front of his friends and family, Surprisingly Tybalt doesnt go against his word at all, he listens and respects the wishes of his uncle. Shakespeare is showing this man to be kind and rational, we make a judgment at this stageon how he isnt re playacting to the event Romeo is his the son of hi s arch-rival. In this scene Lord Capulet also compliments Romeo by calling him A virtuous and well governed youth which shows how relaxed he is about the one-year-old Montagues presence because we couldnt imagine him complimenting an enemy in such a way. By the succeeding(a) point in the story, Tybalt and Mercutio are dead and we start to get an idea of what flesh of a man Lord Capulet really is.In Act 3 Scene 4 he changes his mind and allows Prince to hook up with Juliet for a few reasons i. e. He wants her to be married and settled to a man he approves of, He wants to be towering of her, He wants her to be married to a man who has money, is generous, powerful and respected not noticeing that she is already married to Romeo. After Tybalt is killed we know Juliet is devastated because she locks herself in her room, only letting Romeo in because he appears on her balcony, unbeknown to her father.We also know Tybalts death isnt the only reason for her upset the other reason sh e is in such shock is the point her true love, Romeo, is the reason for Tybalts death although her father doesnt know , if he knew Romeo and Juliet were married she would be disowned by him and the rest of their family. Lord Capulet decides to meet the wedding forward in order to cheer her up, we know this because he says She loved her kinsman Tybalt dearly, He sees the wedding of his only child an opportunity to come near the mood after such death in the family.Unfortunately Juliet doesnt want to marry Prince because she is in love with the now banished, Romeo. When Lady Capulet tells Juliet of her husbands plans for her to be wed early next Thursday morn she is surprised but refuses and tells her mother When I do marry, I swear, It shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, preferably than Paris , We can tell from this sentence that she hasnt told her mother of her relationship with Romeo and that her mother thinks Juliet hates Romeo for killing Tybalt.As Lord Capulet enters her r oom he immediately describes her body as a fountain and says in one little body thou counterfeits a bark, a sea, a wind, For thy eyes, which I may call the sea, Do ebb and immix with tears. Thy bark thy body is, Sailing in this salt flood. Thy winds thy sighs Which shows us he is concerned about her and her well existence, showing him to be a caring father for a split-second. He is angered when he hears that she will not bemarrying Paris and disowns her straightaway, he says unforgivable things to her such as discover, you green disease, carrion Out you baggage You tallow face he also calls her a Disobe decomposent wretch He goes on to say Get thee to church o Thursday, Or never after look me in the face , so hes expression she either marries Paris or shell lose her father, She has to make the decision. There is a suggestion of physical forcefulness when Lord Capulet exclaims My fingers itch.Implying he wants to hit her for disrespecting him by disagreeing with him. He reminds her of the importance of family and marrying to obtain a high status, we know this because he says And having now provided A gentleman of A noble parentage, Of fair demesnes, youthful and nobly trained, stuffed as they say, with honorable parts he describes Paris in this way because he is trying to persuade Juliet to marry him, its as if he doesnt want to disown her.Lord Capulet decides that she can No longer house with me unless she marries Paris and he would rather see her beg, starve and die in the streets than live with her if she doesnt go through with the marriage. Lord Capulets behavior in this scene shocks us because we are used to seeing him as a caring and loving father towards Juliet and we dont expect him to go this far when she refuses because he has seemed like a calm man in previous scenes. Its sad to see his behavior change this dramatically towards her because a father should look out for his daughter.Its also sad to see because it was his decision and she hasnt had a choice in the matter at all and the feud between the Montagues and Capulets was started between the two fathers so it isnt Juliets fault and she should be able to see Romeo if she wants to. During the play, the language Lord Capulet uses to describe Juliet changes a lot. In the reservoir of the play he describes her as still a stranger to the world and too young to marry which shows he is a caring father.He is looking out for his daughter and by saying she is too young to marry, he is trying to protect her from growing up too fast. His behavior towards her changes vastly when she refuses to marry Paris possibly because he has pass time trying to protect her and now she throws it back in his face by disagreeing with him. Although Lord Capulet is unaware of the fact she is already married, she has just delayed being disowned by her father by keeping her marriage to Romeo a secret. We notice the change immediatelybecause one minute hes describing her sadness and acting like he car es about her enough to be concerned about her happiness and then he change into a stubborn and, what seems like, a care-free father .We notice the change when he says What is this? Proud and I thank you and I thank you not And yet not proud? Mistress minion you. We dont think he is capable of disowning his only child but he continues to call her Baggage and Green sickness which shows just how upset and ferocious he is with her.He uses harsh words by saying An you be mine, Ill give you my friend. An you be not, Hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, For, my soul, Ill neer realize thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good saying he no longer will want anything to do with her if she doesnt marry Paris and he would rather see her beg, starve and die on the streets rather than give her somewhere to live and hell never want anything to do with her, however if she agrees to marry Paris then he will forgive her for disagreeing and she can stay living there etc.Act 4 scene 5, When J uliet is ensnare dead in her bedchamber , Lord Capulet appears to be grief-stricken and genuinely upset even though he had said he would disown her if she didnt marry Paris. His sadness over rules his power in this scene as he turns to Lady Capulet and says O Heaven O wife, Look how our daughter bleeds showing that he is so upset, he doesnt care about how he appears to anyone else. We realise he doesnt see how he is partly responsible for her death by forcing her into a marriage just to bring joy to himself, not in fact thinking at all about what Juliet would want.If he had clear this, we may be able to feel more sympathetic towards him as he would seduce probably been really upset and angry with himself which, in turn, could have saved his daughters life when she awoke. When she does awake to find Romeo had poisoned himself, oblivious to the fact Juliet wasnt dead at all, she shoots herself in the head with his gun so as they can be together after all, even if that means in a different life.We notice that Lord Capulet realises the feud between the two families have been to blame for the two lovers deaths because he offers Lord Montague his hand and overall peace between the Montagues and Capulets, Again showing the loving and caring paternal side to himself. Throughout the unblemished play Lord Capulets mood varies between a loving, concerned father and an angry, heartless, powerful man. There are 4 main points in his behaviour.In the beginning he comes across as a powerful man when he takes part in a fight , his spatial relation in this scene is especial(a) as he seems to be this man who is only interested in showing the Montague family who owns the city. When he engages in a chat with Paris about marrying Juliet, he becomes more of a caring father and trys to look out for her by saying she is Too young to marry and although he says she is still a stranger to him which suggests that he has doubts about her loyalty to him and this also shows an abs ence of trust in her.The next main point is when he changes again to become an angry and somewhat cold man, we think this because he feels let down and his fears of loyalty towards him are true to an extent. He decides to disown her as a daughter unless she marries Paris because he feels let down and he obviously though he was doing right by her. He says he would rather see her beg and die on the streets than stay in that house, he calls her baggage which we can guess means she was a mistake.The last point we can pull together how remorseful he is because he is totally overwhelmed with grief, we see the caring fatherly side to him for the last time in the final scene when the two lovers are found dead together in the chapel. We can tell he knows the feud has been the main reason for their deaths and rightly blames himself. We know how sorry he is when he offers peace to Lord Montague and we realise he has been a loving father and husband all the way through the play, he just thinks what he is doing (i. e. feuds, staged marriages etc.) is all for the right reasons and he feels he is doing right by his family.He finally understands that his wants and Juliets wants were completely different and all that she valued was irrelevant by him at the time. We feel sympathy for him at this final point in the play because we can see how he realises everything now and its now too late to make up for the mistakes he has made, The only thing he can do is make peace with his rival. Lord Capulet chose his power over his family and by doing so, two young people ended up dying, making this the perfect tragedy and love story.The Depiction of Lord Capulet in Romeo & JulietSet in the city of Verona during the 12th/13th century, Romeo and Juliet, is a typical love story by William Shakespeare with a tragedy twist. When Romeo Montague and his friends gate-crash Lord Capulets party, the last thing he imagined he would do is find the love of his life, Juliet. After realising Romeo is the son of her fathers sworn enemy they decide to keep their relationship secret and get married behind her families back. When Romeos best friend Mercutio is stabbed and killed by Juliets cousin Tybalt, Romeo kills Tybalt and is declared banished.Meanwhile, Juliets father, Lord Capulet, decides to cheer his daughter up by allowing her to marry Paris, though unknown to him, she is already married. Severely wanting to get out of this marriage and with her husband, Romeo, in a different town, Juliet seeks assistance from the priest, father Lawrence, who hands her a poison which will mimic death for 24 hours, after her funeral she would be placed into a vault and when she awakes from her deep sleep her and Romeo would be able to run away to be together.Romeo is unaware of this plan as he is out when the messenger arrives so when his friend Balthasar learns of the death he immediately travels to tell Romeo. With Romeo thinking his love is dead he takes the risk of going back to Verona to say his final farewell to Juliet, when he arrives he is automatically spotted and the police, once Romeo had purchased poison he makes his way to the church.Soon enough, father Lawrence learns that Romeo has no idea Juliet is actually still alive. Inside the church Romeo drinks the poison which begins to kill him.. just as Juliet begins to wake, she realizes its too late and takes his gun to her head, Killing her instantly. Act 1 scene 1, we see several men from two families (the Capulets and the Montagues) take part in a fight led by Tybalt, a Capulet and Juliets cousin, and Benvolio, Romeos cousin and therefore a Montague.This is where we get the feel of absolute hatred between the two families. A loathing which has been passed down through generations, started between Lord Capulet, an overpowering and very controlling man and Lord Montague and equally powerful man. We are first introduced to Lord Capulet when he gets involved in a fight between Sampson, Gregory Benvolio and T ybalt. He is shown to be aggressive and confrontational because he says What noise is this?Give me long sword ho as soon and he arrives. Which could indicate he doesnt think about what he says and can be immature as well as how willing he is to get involved in the pointless feud, this is until Prince informs them Once more, on pain of death, all men depart which implies if there is another street both Lord Capulet, Lord Montague and any other men involved will be executed, This is when Lord Capulets mood changes and he becomes calm.In Act 1 scene 2 Lord Capulet seems calm and willing to make peace with Lord Montague, we know this because he says tis not hard, I think for men so old as we to keep the peace. _we_ to keep the peace This shows he is trying to approach Lord Montague in an equal and friendly manor as he accepts there cannot be any more violent outbreaks in the streets anymore. We next see Lord Capulet in the Capulet household in the midst of a party when he is calmly talking to Paris about his daughter Juliet.Women in the Elizabethan age could refuse marriage but would be disowned by their families. In the beginning of Romeo and Juliet, Lord Capulet thinks Juliet is too young and still a stranger to the world . This is showing himself to be a very caring and loving father, this could be because he has no other children and could also be the reason he treats Tybalt like the son he never had. He refuses Prince the hand of his daughter because he doesnt want to lose her yet, he goes on to change his mind later in the story.In the next scene Romeo Montague gatecrashes the Capulets party, Lord Capulet appears to be very respected by Tybalt because when Romeo is spotted and threatened by him, Lord Capulet looks at him and says Content thee, Gentle coz, let him alone He goes on to say Here in my house do him no disparagement Therefore be patient, take no note of him It is my will, the which if thou respect.This is showing himself to be a fair man, trea ting his family and his enemys son the same and shows that he is clever, powerful and respected as he doesnt want to make a scene in public and in front of his friends and family, Surprisingly Tybalt doesnt go against his word at all, he listens and respects the wishes of his uncle. Shakespeare is showing this man to be kind and rational, we make a judgment at this stageon how he isnt reacting to the fact Romeo is his the son of his arch-rival. In this scene Lord Capulet also compliments Romeo by calling him A virtuous and well governed youth which shows how relaxed he is about the young Montagues presence because we couldnt imagine him complimenting an enemy in such a way. By the next point in the story, Tybalt and Mercutio are dead and we start to get an idea of what sort of a man Lord Capulet really is.In Act 3 Scene 4 he changes his mind and allows Prince to marry Juliet for a few reasons i. e. He wants her to be married and settled to a man he approves of, He wants to be proud of her, He wants her to be married to a man who has money, is generous, powerful and respected not knowing that she is already married to Romeo. After Tybalt is killed we know Juliet is devastated because she locks herself in her room, only letting Romeo in because he appears on her balcony, unbeknown to her father.We also know Tybalts death isnt the only reason for her upset the other reason she is in such shock is the fact her true love, Romeo, is the reason for Tybalts death although her father doesnt know , if he knew Romeo and Juliet were married she would be disowned by him and the rest of their family. Lord Capulet decides to bring the wedding forward in order to cheer her up, we know this because he says She loved her kinsman Tybalt dearly, He sees the wedding of his only child an opportunity to lift the mood after such death in the family.Unfortunately Juliet doesnt want to marry Prince because she is in love with the now banished, Romeo. When Lady Capulet tells Juliet of her husbands plans for her to be wed early next Thursday morn she is surprised but refuses and tells her mother When I do marry, I swear, It shall be Romeo, whom you know I hate, rather than Paris , We can tell from this sentence that she hasnt told her mother of her relationship with Romeo and that her mother thinks Juliet hates Romeo for killing Tybalt.As Lord Capulet enters her room he immediately describes her body as a fountain and says in one little body thou counterfeits a bark, a sea, a wind, For thy eyes, which I may call the sea, Do ebb and flow with tears. Thy bark thy body is, Sailing in this salt flood. Thy winds thy sighs Which shows us he is concerned about her and her wellbeing, showing him to be a caring father for a split-second. He is angered when he hears that she will not bemarrying Paris and disowns her straightaway, he says unforgivable things to her such as Out, you green sickness, carrion Out you baggage You tallow face he also calls her a Disobedient wretch He goes on to say Get thee to church o Thursday, Or never after look me in the face , so hes saying she either marries Paris or shell lose her father, She has to make the decision. There is a suggestion of physical violence when Lord Capulet exclaims My fingers itch.Implying he wants to hit her for disrespecting him by disagreeing with him. He reminds her of the importance of family and marrying to obtain a high status, we know this because he says And having now provided A gentleman of A noble parentage, Of fair demesnes, youthful and nobly trained, stuffed as they say, with honorable parts he describes Paris in this way because he is trying to persuade Juliet to marry him, its as if he doesnt want to disown her.Lord Capulet decides that she can No longer house with me unless she marries Paris and he would rather see her beg, starve and die in the streets than live with her if she doesnt go through with the marriage. Lord Capulets behavior in this scene shocks us because we are us ed to seeing him as a caring and loving father towards Juliet and we dont expect him to go this far when she refuses because he has seemed like a calm man in previous scenes. Its sad to see his behavior change this dramatically towards her because a father should look out for his daughter.Its also sad to see because it was his decision and she hasnt had a choice in the matter at all and the feud between the Montagues and Capulets was started between the two fathers so it isnt Juliets fault and she should be able to see Romeo if she wants to. During the play, the language Lord Capulet uses to describe Juliet changes a lot. In the beginning of the play he describes her as still a stranger to the world and too young to marry which shows he is a caring father.He is looking out for his daughter and by saying she is too young to marry, he is trying to protect her from growing up too fast. His behavior towards her changes vastly when she refuses to marry Paris possibly because he has spent time trying to protect her and now she throws it back in his face by disagreeing with him. Although Lord Capulet is unaware of the fact she is already married, she has just delayed being disowned by her father by keeping her marriage to Romeo a secret.We notice the change immediatelybecause one minute hes describing her sadness and acting like he cares about her enough to be concerned about her happiness and then he change into a stubborn and, what seems like, a care-free father . We notice the change when he says What is this? Proud and I thank you and I thank you not And yet not proud? Mistress minion you. We dont think he is capable of disowning his only child but he continues to call her Baggage and Green sickness which shows just how upset and angry he is with her.He uses harsh words by saying An you be mine, Ill give you my friend. An you be not, Hang, beg, starve, die in the streets, For, my soul, Ill neer acknowledge thee, Nor what is mine shall never do thee good saying h e no longer will want anything to do with her if she doesnt marry Paris and he would rather see her beg, starve and die on the streets rather than give her somewhere to live and hell never want anything to do with her, however if she agrees to marry Paris then he will forgive her for disagreeing and she can stay living there etc.Act 4 scene 5, When Juliet is found dead in her bedroom , Lord Capulet appears to be grief-stricken and genuinely upset even though he had said he would disown her if she didnt marry Paris. His sadness over rules his power in this scene as he turns to Lady Capulet and says O Heaven O wife, Look how our daughter bleeds showing that he is so upset, he doesnt care about how he appears to anyone else. We realise he doesnt see how he is partly responsible for her death by forcing her into a marriage just to bring joy to himself, not in fact thinking at all about what Juliet would want.If he had realised this, we may be able to feel more sympathetic towards him as he would have probably been really upset and angry with himself which, in turn, could have saved his daughters life when she awoke. When she does awake to find Romeo had poisoned himself, oblivious to the fact Juliet wasnt dead at all, she shoots herself in the head with his gun so as they can be together after all, even if that means in a different life.We notice that Lord Capulet realises the feud between the two families have been to blame for the two lovers deaths because he offers Lord Montague his hand and overall peace between the Montagues and Capulets, Again showing the loving and caring fatherly side to himself. Throughout the entire play Lord Capulets mood varies between a loving, concerned father and an angry, heartless, powerful man. There are 4 main points in his behaviour.In the beginning he comes across as a powerful man when he takes part in a fight , his attitude in this scene is limited as he seems to be this man who is only interested in showing the Montague f amily who owns the city. When he engages in a conversation with Paris about marrying Juliet, he becomes more of a caring father and trys to look out for her by saying she is Too young to marry and although he says she is still a stranger to him? which suggests that he has doubts about her loyalty to him and this also shows an absence of trust in her.The next main point is when he changes again to become an angry and somewhat cold man, we think this because he feels let down and his fears of loyalty towards him are true to an extent. He decides to disown her as a daughter unless she marries Paris because he feels let down and he obviously though he was doing right by her. He says he would rather see her beg and die on the streets than stay in that house, he calls her baggage which we can guess means she was a mistake.The last point we can gather how remorseful he is because he is totally overwhelmed with grief, we see the caring fatherly side to him for the last time in the final sce ne when the two lovers are found dead together in the chapel. We can tell he knows the feud has been the main reason for their deaths and rightly blames himself. We know how sorry he is when he offers peace to Lord Montague and we realise he has been a loving father and husband all the way through the play, he just thinks what he is doing (i. e. feuds, arranged marriages etc.) is all for the right reasons and he feels he is doing right by his family.He finally understands that his wants and Juliets wants were completely different and all that she wanted was irrelevant by him at the time. We feel sympathy for him at this final point in the play because we can see how he realises everything now and its now too late to make up for the mistakes he has made, The only thing he can do is make peace with his rival. Lord Capulet chose his power over his family and by doing so, two young people ended up dying, making this the perfect tragedy and love story.

Speech on Belonging

Belonging is usually defined as being accepted into and by members of a family, group, class, race, community or school. The term belonging means something different to everyone but most people will beget up with the words acceptance, security and identity. In this speech I have chosen to talk around the aspects of belonging and not belonging in two of Peter Skrzyneckis Poems, Migrant lodge and 10 bloody shame pass and also in the 1997 film Titanic.In Peter Skrzyneckis Migrant Hostel, he talks about the 2 years of his life that he and most of his family lived in a Migrant lodge in Parkes after coming to Australia after World War 2 from Poland and leaving most of his family and polish heritage behind. This poem gives the responder a sense of disorder ancestryss about whether he belongs or not to this migrant hostel. Skrzynecki creates this confusion by contrasting the familys sense of belonging to the hostel with the familys confusion about whether or not they actually belonged to the Australian soil.Although the migrant hostel was their home for 2 years there was always so many people coming and going that it didnt really feel same a home which made it really hard to create a sense of belonging as a community. Techniques use by Skrzynecki to create this sense of confusion about belonging are juxtaposition or contrast for example in the last stanza on the 6th line Needing its sanction To pass in and out of lives That had only begun Or were dyingThis can be referred to as when people arrive at the hostel their lives are just beginning as they have a second chance to start their lives over again and forget about the past and what has happened and concentrate on the future and then when they break the hostel they feel lost because they are on unknown land and they feel they dont really fit in with the Australian life style as they have their own background and heritage to maintain. This uote could also mean the opposite when they leave they have a chance to start over and re-create there lives again and when they are in the hostel they are trapped and dont know what to do or who they are. Symbolism is another technique Skrzynecki uses in this poem. In Migrant hostel he uses birds as a symbol of being trapped. For example the third stanza For over two years We lived like birds of passage- Always sensing a change In the weather Unaware of the season Whose track we would followThis example shows how the people in the hostel where simply allowed outside, which shows that they were basically trapped inside and away from everyone else. Another technique Skrzynecki uses is rhetorical device this technique shows the confusion of the people inside the hostel, for example in the offset stanza 6th line That left us wondering who would be coming next. This example shows the confusion the people had, and how uncertain things were for them, they didnt know who was going to come through the gate next or who was going to leave.Also in this poe m Skrzynecki uses an extended metaphor. In this poem the bird symbol is also used as the extended metaphor. In this poem he uses refers to a homing pigeon to deepen the sense of instinctual behavior for example in the second stanza 1st line Nationalities sought Each other out instinctively Like a homing pigeon Circling to get its bearings this example shows how the people are coming together and conclusion each other through their background and where they came from. The last technique that Skrzynecki uses in this poem is similes. For example n the last stanza 4th line As it bloom and fell like a finger this particular simile refers to the gate out the front of the hostel, it shows how they were isolated from the rest of the country by that gate and that they had no control over when that gate opened or closed. It makes the hostel sound like a jail. In Skrzyneckis poem 10 Mary Street he is describing his life in his first ever home on Australian soil, this poem has a greater sense of belonging as he is more comfortable in Mary street, and he has a greater sense of belonging to his family, his home, his school, his community and is comfortable with his migrant past.Skrzynecki and his family lived at 10 Mary Street for 19 years before the house got knocked down. During this poem Skrzynecki has no sense of doubt or uncertainty about who he is or where he is going. This poem gives a strong sense of happiness and content within his life as the language is light and joyful, as he remembers certain things about that house and life within it. Skrzynecki uses techniques such as personification

Wal Mart Case

http//www. economist. com/node/2593089 http//www. authorstream. com/Presentation/akmohideen-193472-wal-mart-case-study-education-ppt- causalitypoint/ How Could Wal Mart outride Its Extraordinary Growth Management Essay basis The history of Wal-Mart started in 1962 with the opening of its first stick in in Arkansas, USA. The store stared as a retailer in the United States, but grew to reach marvelous trains in the years to come. Wal-Mart grew rapidly, and apply several methods to accomplish this ontogeny. They opened their own stores as rise as acquiring existing stores and chains to facilitate their entry to the new merchandises.The rickth was non terminati cardinald to the identification human body of stores that the constrain guild opened, but it extended to the areas of surgical operation for the store. For example, Wal-Mart entered new areas of business as it grew like pharmacies and jewelries. Wal-Mart followed an aggressive expanding upon strategy that was th e ride for their business for years, redefining c at oncepts as they grew. But what is Wal-Mart. The store idler be described as the following. It is chain of give the axe department stores that operate with the purpose of reducing equipment casualtys, and focal pointing on the volume of sales.The play alongs developing is extraordinary in all(prenominal) sense Wal-Mart is currently the worlds largest smart set by sales. Wal-Mart has recorded $260 billion in sales in 2005. The gild manages e verywhere 5000 stores worldwide, 3200 of the stores located in the US, 900 in the Americas, 350 in europium, and 440 in Asia. Wal-Mart employs a real large work run, it has over 2 million employees, and the number is gradually increasing. Wal-Mart has adopted advance mean of technology to help it run its operations, this methods helped the growth of the company. But posterior Wal-Mart continue with the same level of growth.A company needs to maintain growth, and to Wal-Mart a reduc tion in the level of growth would be a ca practise of concern for the companys stakeholders, beca expend growth has a warlike advantage for Wal-Mart ever since it started. But in the saturated business of retail can Wal-Mart sustain the levels of growth any more. SWOT Analysis Can Wal-Mart maintain the level of growth it has seen any longer? The company has make a reputation on the bases of their growth can they keep it up, to answer that we need to conduct an psychoanalysis of the company and see elements that could determine this.A SWOT analysis would give us the needed insight. Strengths Wal-Mart is the largest company in the world it has large volume of sales and operates over 500 stores worldwide, with 100 million clients a week. Wal-Mart has a commodious standing in the house servant merchandise based on the low pricing methods they convey used. Wal-Mart can change their formula to fit the market. (stores, supercenters, sams club, and neighborhood markets) Wal-Mart utiliz es the latest technologies in parentage management to control their large inventory, and they devote a wide range of products reaching over 100,000 items.Weaknesses Wal-Mart has approach criticism regarding their management of human resources, including accusation of the use of child labor, low pay for employees by intentness standards, lack of benefit like health care, and reliance on temporary workers to lower their cost. The huge sizing of the company causes issues, like in the case of acquiring external jeopardizes and integrating then in the Wal-Mart system. condescension its size it has a week posture and brand image in the foreign market. OpportunitiesWal-Mart has a agonistical advantage over its rivals their incorporation of the latest technologies in their daily operation increases the efficiency of these operations and saves them round m peerlessy while trying to enter new markets. So they would concord an easier time that their rivals. Wal-Mart can march on e xpand into Europe and Asia, both huge markets that Wal-Mart have not began to fully pursue. Wal-Mart can use their adaptability and cite cultural clusters products. For example utilize the model that worked in Mexico in Latin America. ThreatsThe market is saturated, and Wal-Mart faces intense disputation in both domestic and international market. Also they face competition from specialty stores. Wal-Mart faces resistent laws by different countries that force it to change it methods. For example being forced to unionize the workers in china at a lower office staff pressure from the government. compendium Wal-Mart faces several challenges in order to sustain the levels of growth it has experienced. But it is possible Wal-Mart to grow further. The company has to use the opportunities that are present to it.They can pursue international markets more aggressively, expand in under developed markets, and continue to incorporate technology to increase efficiency and reduce costs and d elays. Wal-Mart could likewise begin appealing to the niche markets by introducing and focusing on round special products. pass 2- What would be the limits of that growth? Introduction Growth is an essential an essential aspect of every successful corporation, and Wal-Mart in incident has made it their trademark. The rapid growth and involution has been a militant edge for Wal-Mart since the beginning of its operation.However, as antecedently mentioned, for how long can the company maintain this level of growth? Wal-Marts domestic market in the United States is already saturated and they face heavy competition as soundly, therefore, it is logical to assume that Wal-Marts options lies in its international ventures. The company has started to successfully dominate several irrelevant markets, especially in Mexico, Canada, and to some degree, the United Kingdom, at the same time, it remains absent from other regional markets in Europe and Asia.These refreshful markets would be t he next step for Wal-Marts expansion, and their ability to cultivate those opportunities would be the key factor that would determine the limit of their growth. When a company ventures into international markets and unfamiliar cultures, they could face challenges that exist in adapting and changing to fit the culture. In addition, there are constantly external forces that would stir the growth potential of a corporation, and these factors are usually beyond the corporations control.So in order to determine the limit of Wal-Marts growth, we have to first analyze the external surrounds that would affect it, the analysis is named the PESTLE analysis of external forces. PESTLE Analysis The PESTLE analysis is a withall, used to examine the external forces that could affect a company or a corporation. This analysis tool would focus on six aspects which are the semipolitical forces, the economical factors, social elements, technological innovations, legal issues, and environmental di rectations.Political Forces The political orders and systems differ from one country to some other they vary depending on the region you target. A company would be under the mercy of the political forces in each country it tries to enter this will be a huge burden on companies and especially Wal-Mart. Since Wal-Mart prefers standardization methods, it would be a deviation from their successful methods of operation if they have to cater and change in every country they enter.To further elaborate, if Wal-Mart had to change in every country they entered, they would have to create different processes for every time they penetrate a new market, including, administration, training, and management. When it comes to growth, those factors could very well limit the growth of Wal-Mart in a new market or make it too expensive to be economically feasible. Economic Factors The economic cycle would obviously have a heavy(p) effect on all aspects of any corporation. The economic booms encourage c ompanies to expand, while the economic downturns force them to retreat.The personal effects of an economical downturn would limit or end the growth of a corporation, when a company plans to venture into new markets they would have to take into manageation the type of economy they enter or the forecasted performance of verbalise economy. Wal-Mart could expand into a market and be face up with an unexpected situation that would force it to cease operation, therefore incurring a loss. Wal-Mart is in a constant state of expansion, so, suffering a loss in any of its fronts would reduce the profitability of the company and would damage future international expansion plans. Social ElementsSocieties differ from one country to another, the differences could be unimportant to a multinational corporation like Wal-Mart, or they could be severe enough that Wal-Marts would not be able to operate in that market. For example, Wal-Marts retail chain depends on low prices with low profit margins, but large volume of sales. That method could very well not work in other countries in which the society has different purchasing habits. The inability of a company to adapt to the social characteristics of a new country would severely limit their clients base in that country, or it could end their operations completely.Technological Innovations Wal-Mart has always utilized state of the art technology to gain a competitive edge, they have an integrated system of inventories that controls and monitors replenishing the stock in every store, this aspect dramatically increases the companys efficiency. Furthermore, the company is always looking for new technological ways to cut costs and increase efficiency. In the case of expansion into foreign markets, this vital aspect of Wal-Marts operation would be flagellumened.If a certain country does not have the infrastructure to support this kind of technology, Wal-Mart would lose that competitive edge in that market. As a result, the Wal-Mar t model would not be fully usable in that market, which would decrease profitability and even uptually limit the organizations growth. statutory Issues Laws that are different from one country to another could very well limit the growth of a company, by restricting certain aspects and eliminating others they disturb the work flow of a company. These limitations forced by foreign laws are a major concern for an international company.Environmental Considerations The environment and the quest to maintain it has a great effect on major international corporations. Wal-Mart in specific, have had their run-ins with this certain issue, they have faced criticism and limitations in several countries ascribable to a wide range of basis. Issues such as building stores on historic sites, or selling products that used wood from protected forests are issues that have more than once halted the expansion of Wal-Mart. Summary As seen, the company has no choice but to seek new markets to keep expan ding, the growth rate could not be sustained in the US retail market.The limit of the Wal-Marts growth would be their abilities in penetrating international markets, and how they deal with the barriers that those external forces push them into. Ultimately, it would come down to flexibility and willingness to change from the companies part. On the other hand, Wal-Mart can recreate its amazing growth performance in its domestic market by fully analyzing all the possible external forces that could have a hand in limiting their growth and formulating the strategic plans that would allow them to carry the essence of their successful model into new markets, even if it was in a new form.Question 3- Did Asia and Europe offer Wal-Mart real opportunities for international market dominance? Introduction One of the major aims of any company is growth they seek to expand their market share or client base or any of the several elements. Eventually, the growth is their goal, due to that fact that when a company stops growing it gives the image of trouble to its stakeholders. Companies will at some point have to consider exploring new markets, these markets would most likely be outside the companys home country.Expansion into a foreign market offers umteen advantages to companies and is very appealing to most of them, however, it is important that all corporations carefully analyze the environments that they are about to enter. In these foreign markets, there could be forces that if ignored could cost a company greatly. Wal-Mart is not new to international expansion and they already operate in several countries. Despite that fact, Wal-Marts performance in some international markets did not match their extraordinary domestic growth.To better understand those reasons, we have to analyze the environments that Wal-Mart ventured into, as well as the forces they faced. Porters Five Forces The Porter Five Forces is a tool used to analyze the competitive environment in any industry in order to determine the level of threats that the company faces. Porter categorized the threats into five headings. Threat of new entry Wal-Mart is in the retail business and more specifically the discount retail industry, the threat of new entry is low to medium.Wal-Mart is a well established company that has know the processes and has set up highly efficient operations, especially their distribution networks. Threats on this level is low due to the barriers that a new challenger would face in order to compete against Wal-Mart. This point is at its strongest in Wal-Marts domestic market, the situation is different when Wal-Mart ventured abroad where Wal-Marts lesser presence acts against it, but even then, Wal-Mart could enter the market and use its pricing methods to successfully obtain a share in the new market. Threat of RivalryThis threat is medium to high Wal-Mart has a lot of competitors in both domestic and international markets and as a result of Wal-Marts nature, it h as a large number of competitors. Wal-Mart faces intense competition from organizations such as Target and outperform Buy, each of those companies are a threat to Wal-Marts dominance in the market. In the international field, Wal-Mart faces competition from well established multinational corporations like Carrefour, the level of competition that Wal-Mart faces abroad is significantly higher due to their faint-hearteder presence in those markets. The bargaining power of customersThe bargaining power of customers is how much of an effect can the reaction and fundamental interaction of customers have on the strategies that companies use. This force is medium, while it is true that customers would have a wide range of choices and options to ask from other than Wal-Mart, the company possesses the characteristics that attracted people to it in the first place, that aspect being convenience. A single case-by-case/customer would have no bargaining power if he/she sought the convenience of having everything in one place however, customers that have specific needs would simply go to another store for their purchases.The bargaining power suppliers Wal-Mart sells general items in addition to some of its own product lines they are a dominant force in the domestic US market, which means that suppliers have very little bargaining power over them. As a dominating force, Wal-Mart can move from one supplier to the other very easily, and with the huge variety they have, they can afford to remove some products. Larger companies that deal with Wal-Mart have somewhat more bargaining power, but in general, Wal-Mart is safe from this threat. Threat of substitutesThis threat could be viewed from two different perspectives, if you consider that Wal-Mart has been selling general products, then it is easily changeable, however, if we look at it and view that the convenience of having everything in one place combined with low prices is Wal-Marts main product, then this threat is very low. There are very few places that could even offer a similar level of convenience. Summary Wal-Mart has different situations in Europe and Asia. In Europe, Wal-Marts methods were successful in the UK, but less so in other parts of the continent.They faced stiff competition and the unfamiliarity of some of those markets played a role in limiting their dominance. In Asia, their situation is rather different some(prenominal) of the Asian countries are ones that have developing economies. Wal-Marts low price strategy and their ability to function with low profit margins will enable them to establish themselves in those markets. Question 4- How could the company take advantage of its global reach to propel itself through the years to come? IntroductionFew companies can successfully expand to the extent that Wal-Mart has the companys growth has been extraordinary to say the least, however, taking into consideration the companys size, Wal-Mart has a weak international presence. It is t rue that Wal-Mart has hundreds of stores operating outside its domestic market, which gives it a certain level of international reach. By strengthening their presence in foreign markets, they are lowering their risks and also increasing their profitability.When a company operates in many different markets, the risk of an economic downturn is less severe since the company would not depend on only one market for its profitability. Moreover, foreign markets are opportunities for growth and untapped potential. Wal-Mart could use their presence in foreign markets to grow and penetrate other close by regions. By spillage international, the company guarantees their presence in several markets. Companies need a strategic plan for the future, without it they have no hope of maintaining any success they might have had. Strategic PlanningStrategic planning is a process in which every company plans what to do for the future the process requires that the company have clear goals and understandi ng of themselves. Wal-Mart is a company that has been well aware of this process, the organization has built its name by focusing on providing items at low prices, in technical terms, and they are following the generic strategy of cost leadership. Wal-Mart aimed to be the competitor that attracts clients on the basis of low cost, despite having a wide range of products, Wal-Mart appeals to its clients base with their low prices.After liberation international, Wal-Mart attempted to immolate the formula that led to its success. However, they were faced with difficulties stemming from the cultural and social differences between its domestic market and the foreign market. Wal-Mart partially overcame that obstacle by abandoning the strategy of standardization, and adapting a flexible mean of market penetration, they have on several occasions changed their store formula to fit the local image.Wal-Marts success overseas could more or less entirely be attributed to its ability to formulat e their stores around local concepts by partnering up or purchase out well established local chains, thus, not forcing a clash with the American image of Wal-Mart. Summary Wal-Mart has a dominating presence in their domestic market and a strong presence in several other countries. The company can use that global reach to sustain its growth for many more years to come by using the strategies that made it succeed in the first place and applying them to those new markets.This feature backed up by the companys ability to adapt to differences from one country to another would help make the penetration of the new markets run smoothly. Moreover, the global reach would allow it to make use of the ideas and resources of their partners in those markets, the ideas could benefit Wal-Mart in the fact that they could transfer it to other markets without the need of creating entirely new models. pick up morehttp//www. ukessays. com/essays/management/how-could-wal-mart-continue-its-extraordinary- growth-management-essay. phpixzz2NFqxWBIn

Poverty and Deprivation Essay

The bea a youngster grows up in has an load, for example if a small fry is brought up on a council estate in myopic housing they are more likely to have health problems. If parents are not working or have low income jobs they are likely to buy cheaper food and usually this means lower eccentric which can lead to health problems. Children and their families may have lower expectations. They might settle for the life that id mapped out. If a child lives in high rise flats or appartments they have less oppportunities to play. In poor gauge housing thither may not be a garden or safe play area. This is reducing the childs opportunities to aim their physical gross motor skills.This of course is not always the case and in that location are many ways that we can tackle these issues and help to improve the chances and opportunities children have who live in poverty. However, if a lack of nourishing food is a problem due to severe poverty, this can severly injury a childs physical and mental well being. This can have a knock on effect in the sense that they become listless and withdrawn from having no energy, meaning they find it hard to output part in eruditeness activities and wont have the benefit of developing their information further. If there is a strained parental relationship due to money worries a child will doubtless be affect by this also. Poverty can affect children adversley in many ways and its important that they get what they are missing at home when they go to pre- take aim/nursery.History of abuse and swing Family environment and background Behaviour of mother during pregnancy During pregnancy, if a mother smokes, takes drugs, becomes ill or suffers from punctuate or anxiety this can result in premature birth and health problems for the baby much(prenominal) as - low birth weight, undeveloped organs, problems with sight and hearing. These are all problems that could delay their development. Some children are born with conditions tha t could affecttheir development such as a blood disorder.Personal choices If a child or young person as decided for what ever reason they do not trust to be educated or leave school before they finish their statement, this is their choice and we cannot always argue them alternative choices for staying at school.Looked after/care status This again could have a huge catch as a lot of looked after children are moved around regularly. This will effect their education enormously. Separation and attachment issues are quite often the cause of many reasons not to want to be in school. This is constantly worked on by schools to find the best way to include these children in school and to be able to give them a good standard of education.Education If for example a child has not attended a nursery or play group in their early days this can often set them back from what development stage they should be at when attending school. This could be the lack of nursery places, not good enough teac hers to the child having a call foring disability that has not been identified yet.2.3 Explain how theories of development and frameworks to support development influence current practice.Albert Bandura imitating/copying other.Burrhus Skinner acquisition is affected by awars and punishments. Jean Piaget children actively involved in their learning. Shabhna Jerome active in own learning, develop different ways of thinking at different stages. Lev Vygotsky- Zone of Proximal Development/scaffolding, children actively learning through social interaction.How current theorist views influence practice today.Skinner reward charts and other domineering reinforcement techniques.Vygotsky developed a concept called proximal development which centres on the idea that adults help children to learn and that children help each other . Guiding children to look for answers by imitating what they see in others, listening to instructions and working as part of a group all provide opportunitie s for them to expand their current beggarly of knowledge. Bruner- developed spiral curriculum which makes us believe that children learn through discovery with direct assist by adults to encourage them to return to activities time and time again which would develop and extend their learning. His theory is employ today as children have plenty of opportunity for free play and child initiated activities which form the legal age of the day under the Foundation Phase Curriculum. Bandura developed the social learning theory which is basically learning through watching others. By setting a good example and modelling good demeanour children will learn how to behave appropriately.

A Most Special Person in My Life Essay

Except my family, there is ace soul, Thu Cuu, who I lead etern in ally remember and respect because of her soulfulnessalities, she is tolerant and also she is the one I contend. Nothing is impossible with her no guinea pig what is it, where is it and why is it, that is what I intoxicate from her. A daughter is perfect for every situation she does non need to be dazzling, but tribe quench have looked at her. Basically, I think every man in this world wants this peeress to become his wife, even me. Surely, her personalities can make people who do not standardised to talk will talk, and her human bodyness can make everybody see her, even that is the guy who hates her the most.In my opinion, it is hard to find one homogeneous her in this century, whether there is at least one or not, I still always think of her. First of all, her personalities attract me when we first met each other, I really admire her. She is friendly and kind of cute with her voice and smile to keep people around her. She can be a spunk in a crowd easily. I desire her at the first time we met we talk slightly a lot of things precisely like we argon best friends. That is also the first time I feel free with a girl, because I usually stuck when I try to talk to a girl. show up more The person I admire the most is my motheressayShe is very sociable, that is the reason why she has a lot of friends. Moreover, she likes to play no matter what kind of games. You can image that when a girl play some games that only reserve for boys like bias, she can play and play even get around than boys. The trick is she does with all her heart and forgets what people say about her, just be happy when she plays. She respects friendship and loves her family. I am very sure that she is going to do anything to protect them. For example, I remembered intelligibly one time that she was late for a party and I yelled on her, then we altercated.Soon, I found out that she was late because she had to pi ck up her mom from work it was not her fault. I did not know that, but the first person said sorry was her. Later I knew that the first person said sorry, it did not mean that person was wrong, it meant that person respected relationship between them more than other. I felt like I was guilty I apologized her, instead of still getting angry on me, then she smiled with me like nothing never happened Secondly, her unselfishness can make a most kindness person must be jealous. She is very kind for everyone, not only her friends, just because that is who she is.Imagine that when you go to the gas station and someone goes to ask you to give them some money, because their car is out of gas and they are out of money. Certainly, you will look at their car, what they wear and think is it a trick. In opposite way, turn you are busy at exploration, she already gives them money, because one time she told me part people is the happiest thing in the world. She does not care much about it is a t rick or not, even if it is a trick, she is still happy. Moreover, she is a acceptable listener. Usually, when I am sad, or any kind of feeling, I will piece of land with her, she will be there to hear them.Not just listening, she also gives me a best advice. I conceptualize that she never tell anyone else what I tell her, she extremely knows how to keep secret. That is why people believe her mostly. Sometimes, I get angry on her because of my stuffs, but she is still quite, listens and never complains a word. Say, for other example, I got 35/100 on a physical exam I was very sad and disappointed. When she knew that, she do a plan to revive me. She knew what I like and I do not like. Something I like but she does not, but she accepted it and did it for me.We went to the movie theater, went to eat my favorite food and got my major drinks. We went to play glide and skiing, then heading to the beach. Beach was my favorite place I usually went there when I was in feeling, but she di d not like the beach at much. We went down to the beach and high to the mountain. Really, that was the funniest day with me, we talked a lot, I forgot why I was sad and headed to the future. Thu Cuu is the best Last but not least, Thu Cuu is the one I love, a hundred percent surely. One day, a girl appeared without many attractive characteristics who changed my life.She was not like any other girls I met before. When I was stuck in the dark and very disappointed, she stood there in movement of me with her smile such as a brightest star and showed me which ways were right or wrong. She told me that I did not know what was waiting for me ahead I got to learn how to fight it. For example, at the final time decision semester, my family had some problems like my brother sold his car and went to Vietnam without asking my parents a word, my dad and my moms jobs were in trouble, and my study was more difficult. I was blind and disappointed.At that time, there was no one helping me except one, Thu Cuu. Side by side, she and I figured out every problem and solved it like she helped me to contact and persuade my brother to come back here. She helped me to study, kept me in calm and bought me drinks and food, so I could focus on the exams. She also had her exams, but she still spent her time to help me. Honestly, I knew this was the person I could live with forever. Another time, her friend from other state came here to visit her. I was jealous. Without her, I felt like I was in the hole.I was easy to get angry because of nothing, I just wanted that she was only for me, and I knew that I loved her. Beside her, I always feel happy and love life. One of the most well-favoured things about Thu is her smile, if she just smiles with me, I am very sure that all of my stress will be gone, also it is the most reason why I love her. A girl without many attractions who I think of most of my time always stays with me when I am in trouble. Totally, she is a hundred percent perfect . After all, Thu Cuu is the only one I will lot with all my heart.She is now such as my family member that I never want to lose. No matter what people say about her, in my mind, she is always a girl I first met and loved. Because of her personalities, I know that nothing is impossible in this world. She helped me to be able to understand how to be a good man. Her kindness brings me much knowledge of treatment. That helps me how to get respected from people who hate me. Love is the most beautiful thing in the world that people do not use machine to know, and it will be prettier if you love a person who you never forget.

Similar Themes but Dissimilar Fate

Parallel incidents that can be found in Pyramus and Thisbe and Shakespe ars A summer solstice nights Dream evidence Shakespeares adaptation of the tragic figment. The mere mention of the myth in Act 5, confirms the playwrights attempt to imitate the source of the story. However, in contrast to the new(prenominal), A Midsummer Nights Dream macrocosm a comedy, offers a happy ending, where lovers are get together and blessed by fate. The story of Pyramus and Thisbe occurs as a play within A Midsummer Nights Dream. It is presented in Theseuss wedding, supposedly to satirize the love between Lysander and Hermia.However, a twist occurs in the end, giving the play a happy ending, thus departing from the real context of the myth. Parallelism between the 2 can be recognized in the theme, passage, and plot. Both use the theme of forbidden love and disobedience. The root system of the play suggests a close thematic resemblance to the myth. Egeus, the father of Hermia, captivateks Th eseuss judgment regarding his disobedient daughter. Hermia, the daughter, is logical to marry Demetrius, but she loves an otherwise man named Lysander, who also occurs in the scene.The lovers are very much in love but Egeus refuses to have them marry because of a promise he has given Demetrius. From this, we can influence parallelism in the theme of forbidden love and disobedience of children to their parents. However, the presence of Demetrius is an addition, because in the myth, there is no mention of a third party. As such, Demetriuss character is one element that suggests Shakespeares mark of dissuading from the old lovers myth. Like Pyramus and Thisbe, Lysander and Hermia are blinded by their love.That night, they profess their love for one another. Like the lovers in the myth, they seem unable to live without each other. Therefore, they plan to elope to Lysanders aunts hall to get married in secrecy. In doing so, they need to trod a forest where they meet a incompatible f ate. Similarly, Pyramus and Thisbe, cosmos forbidden to continue with their love, decide to elope the next night and see each other at a monument, where they meet a tragic ending. This event in the plot makes a tidy resemblance with that of the myth, where lovers decide to take full control of their fate.However, just like the old myth goes, the lovers are doomed not to have everything going according to their plans. In Act 3 of the play, we see Shakespeares intention to make a twisted ending with the decision Lysander makes. As Lysander and Hermia lose each other in the forest, we find another parallelism where Pyramus fails to see Thisbe in the designated place. According to the myth, Pyramus does not find Thisbe and thinks that she is kill by a lion. In thinking so, he kills himself, and when Thisbe sees him dying, she does the same.Taking resemblance to the myth, Lysander is supposed to meet his conclusion in the forest. This should happen in the hands of Demetrius who decid es to take revenge over him for losing Hermia. However, the death of Lysander that the audience expects does not happen. Instead of dying like Pyramus, Lysander confesses his change of heart to Demetrius, Content with Hermia No I do rue The tedious minutes I with her have spent. Not Hermia but capital of Montana I love Who impart not change a raven for a dove? (Act 3, Scene 2)He confesses that he has had a change of heart and does not love Hermia anymore. Instead, he loves Helena, the girl who loves Demetrius. Because of this twist, Lysander is saved from potential death. Similarities in characterization can be recognized in the two literary texts. In the myth, the characters are too tame by love, as in the play. Specifically, we see Thisbe and Hermia with great similarity in their intentions. In her dialogue with Demetrius, Hermia shows characteristics of Thisbe of being passionate to her love and willing to die.She pleads to Demetrius, For thou, I fear, hast given me cause to c urse, If thou hast slain Lysander in his sleep, creation oer shoes in blood, plunge in the deep, And kill me too. (Act 3, Scene 3) This shows the discernment of Hermia to die rather of living without Lysander. Like Thisbe, Hermia feels there is no tomorrow if she will not be reunited with Lysander. More than the characterization, we see a similarity in the portrayal of women in the two plots. Both assign women martyr roles of being true to their lovers.Not only do we see Hermia deeply in love with Lysander, but Helena with Demetrius as well. As such we see that the centuries that passed between the myth foretold and the writing of the play did not offspring the way women are perceived in the society. As both literary texts contain, they are pictured as martyrs who await their lovers, willing to give up their life for the sake of the other. The theme, characterization, and some parts of the plot demonstrate similarities between the two works. This only shows that the theme of for bidden love among youths is very recurrent in literature.Specifically, the theme of disobedience to ones parents reveal imitation of the myth. In addition, the characterization which suggests the theme of loyalty in spite of death as seen in Hermia clearly resembles that of myth. The readiness to die just to escape suffering, and follow a lover till death are also elements taken from Pyramus and Thisbe. Overall, while the play shares similarities with the myth, Shakespeares zest to end his play in a more romantic way provides the characters with a different fate.